They normally are, but Contador was an odd case as the Spanish cycling authorities backed the rider against the UCI and WADA (as he is a massive sporting hero on a level with say Fernando Alonso in Spain). Hence it became a dog's breakfast.
Cycling keeps up with the modern advances pretty well now. Cyclists are tested more than any other sport.
As an aside when Operation Port came to light in 2006, all the cyclists involved were immediately banned and removed from the Tour. Operation Port was also involved with a lot of footballers, and not one was removed from the World Cup that was taking place at the same time.